1990年代初,苏珊·赫林(Susan C.Herring)和其他学者开始质疑网络参与者的性别是无法被察觉的。赫林提供了与互联网技术相关的早期女性主义写作,这些内容提醒了互联网研究学者们持续关注互联网上性别错位、合法化身份以及线上身体等议题。通过去中心化的、作为网络文化关键的连结矩阵,实践者如理论家萨迪·普兰特(Sadie Plant)与澳大利亚艺术小组VNS Matrix提出互联网是“女性本原(inherently female)”的,并创造了“赛博女性主义(Cyberfeminist)”这个概念,用以描述利用互联网、赛博空间、媒体技术探究女性主义理论、批评和研究的工作与创作。
VNS Matrix:《21世纪赛博女性主义宣言(A Cyberfeminist Manifesto for the 21st Century)》,1991
图片来源:https://vnsmatrix.net/
VNS Matrix:《新生代》,游戏画面,1992-1993
图片来源:https://vnsmatrix.net/projects/all-new-gen
WWWO策展人梅琳达·拉克汉姆与路易思·曼尼和WWWO网站首页
图片来源:www.subtle.net
参考文献:
Herring, Susan C. 2000. Gender Differences in CMC: Findings and Implications, CPSR Newsletter 18, no. 1 (Winter 2000): http://cpsr.org/issues/womenintech/herring/.
Harway, D.,A Cyborg Manifesto: Science, Technology, and Socialist-Feminism in the Late Twentieth Century access at
https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/english/currentstudents/undergraduate/modules/fictionnownarrativemediaandtheoryinthe21stcentury/manifestly_haraway_----_a_cyborg_manifesto_science_technology_and_socialist-feminism_in_the_....pdf
Plant, Sadie. 1997. Zeros + Ones: Digital Women + the New Technoculture. London: Fourth Estate.
Plant, Sadie. 1997. “Babes in the Net.” New Statesman & Society January 27.
VNS Matrix. 1991. Cyberfeminist Manifesto. Available at: http://www.obn.org/reading_room/manifestos/html/cyberfeminist.html
VNS Matrix, ALL NEW GEN, 1992. Available at: https://vnsmatrix.net/projects/all-new-gen
Daniels, J. 2009. Rethinking cyverfeminism(s): Race, gender, and embodiment. Women’s Studies Quarterly, 37(1-2):102-124 .
Acker, Kathy. 1988. The Empire of the Senseless. Grove Weidenfeld, New York.
Gajjala, Radhika and Annapurna Mamidipudi. 1999. Cyberfeminism, Technology, and International ‘Development’. Gender and Development 7( 2), 8‐16.
Korenman, J. 1999. Email Forums and Women’s Studies: The Example of WMST-L. Susan Hawthorne and Renate Klein edited. CyberFeminism: Connectivity, Critique and Creativity. Spinifex Press.
Gillis,S. 2007. Neither Cyborg nor Goddess: The (Im)Possibilities of Cyberfeminism. Stacy Gillis, Gilliam Howie and Rebecca Munford edited. Third Wave Feminism: A Critical Exploration (the expanded second edition) [C] . Palgrave, 168.
Consalvo, Mia (2003), "Cyberfeminism", Encyclopedia of New Media, SAGE Publications, Inc., pp. 108–109, doi:10.4135/9781412950657.n57, ISBN 9780761923824, retrieved 2018-07-31
Women’s art on the Net, 1995. Available at: https://subtle.net/pdf/WWWO-%20Page%20from%20UOWAlumni1995Spring-Summer.pd
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